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NEW QUESTION # 116
自動更新時，組織不會檢查應用程式更新版本的原始程式碼。因此，應用程式可能會受到未經授權的修改。這代表可能影響訊息的_________________
___________________
- A. 漏洞，(2) 完整性
- B. 威脅，(2) 機密性
- C. 風險，(2) 可用性
Answer: A
Explanation:
A vulnerability is a weakness in an information system, system security procedures, internal controls, or implementation that could be exploited by a threat source. In this case, not checking the source code of an updated application can lead to unauthorized modifications, thus representing a vulnerability that may impact the integrity of the information, as integrity refers to the accuracy and completeness of the information.
References: = The explanation aligns with the general principles of information security management systems and the content typically covered in ISMS ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor training and certification programs, which include understanding vulnerabilities and their impact on information security attributes like integrity.
NEW QUESTION # 117
您是 ISMS 審核小組組長，由您的認證機構指派對客戶進行後續審核。您正在為此審核準備審核計畫。
下列哪兩項敘述是正確的？
- A. 驗證應重點關注所採取的任何行動是否有效
- B. 驗證應重點關注所採取的任何行動是否有效
- C. 應先驗證糾正措施，然後是糾正措施，最後是改進機會
- D. 應先檢視糾正措施，然後是糾正，最後是改進機會
- E. 驗證應專注於所採取的任何操作是否完成
- F. 應先驗證改進機會，然後再修正，最後採取糾正措施
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 9.1.2, the organisation shall conduct internal audits at planned intervals to provide information on whether the information security management system conforms to the organisation's own requirements, the requirements of ISO 27001:2022, and is effectively implemented and maintained12 According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 10.1, the organisation shall react to the nonconformities and take action, as applicable, to control and correct them and deal with the consequences. The organisation shall also evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of nonconformities, in order to prevent recurrence or occurrence. The organisation shall implement any action needed, review the effectiveness of any corrective action taken, and make changes to the information security management system, if necessary12 A follow-up audit is a type of internal audit that is conducted after a previous audit to verify whether the nonconformities and corrective actions have been addressed and resolved, and whether the information security management system has been improved12 Therefore, the following statements are true for preparing a follow-up audit plan:
Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken is complete. This means that the auditor should check whether the organisation has implemented all the planned actions to correct and prevent the nonconformities, and whether the actions have been documented and communicated as required12 Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken has been undertaken effectively. This means that the auditor should check whether the organisation has achieved the intended results and objectives of the actions, and whether the actions have eliminated or reduced the nonconformities and their causes and consequences12 The following statements are false for preparing a follow-up audit plan:
Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken has been undertaken efficiently. This is false because efficiency is not a criterion for verifying the actions taken to address the nonconformities and corrective actions. Efficiency refers to the optimal use of resources to achieve the desired outcomes, but it is not a requirement of ISO 27001:2022. The auditor should focus on the effectiveness and completeness of the actions, not on the efficiency12 Corrections should be verified first, followed by corrective actions and finally opportunities for improvement. This is false because there is no prescribed order for verifying the corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement. The auditor should verify all the actions taken by the organisation, regardless of their sequence or priority. The auditor may choose to verify the actions based on their relevance, significance, or impact, but this is not a mandatory requirement12 Opportunities for improvement should be verified first, followed by corrections and finally corrective actions. This is false because there is no prescribed order for verifying the opportunities for improvement, corrections, and corrective actions. The auditor should verify all the actions taken by the organisation, regardless of their sequence or priority. The auditor may choose to verify the actions based on their relevance, significance, or impact, but this is not a mandatory requirement12 Corrective actions should be reviewed first, followed by corrections and finally opportunities for improvement. This is false because there is no prescribed order for reviewing the corrective actions, corrections, and opportunities for improvement. The auditor should review all the actions taken by the organisation, regardless of their sequence or priority. The auditor may choose to review the actions based on their relevance, significance, or impact, but this is not a mandatory requirement12 Reference:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 118
下列哪一個選項存在輕微不符合項？
- A. 資料的備份每月進行一次，而公司的流程則要求每天備份一次
- B. 風險評估方法阻礙了資訊安全風險的評估
- C. 公司與其供應商的合約沒有適當的文件版本控制
Answer: A
Explanation:
This is a minor nonconformity. The backup frequency not adhering to the company's procedure of daily backups but occurring once a month represents a deviation from established processes, yet it might not immediately impact the effectiveness of the information security management system.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Clause A.12.3 (Backup)
NEW QUESTION # 119
大數據等新科技的使用對審計有何影響？
- A. 它會造成嚴重中斷，例如，引入對於傳統資料庫管理工具處理來說太大或太複雜的數據
- B. 透過使審核員能夠收集更高品質的審核證據來提高審核質量
- C. 它提出了新的挑戰，例如，結合結構化和非結構化數據
Answer: C
Explanation:
The use of new technologies such as big data presents new challenges in auditing, particularly the issue of combining structured and unstructured data. Big data environments often include diverse data sets that auditors need to understand and interpret, which requires new skills and approaches to ensure effective and comprehensive audit coverage.
NEW QUESTION # 120
場景三：Rebuildy是一家位於泰國曼谷的建築公司，專門從事住宅建築的設計、建造和維護。為了確保敏感專案資料和客戶資訊的安全，Rebuildy決定實施基於ISO/IEC 27001的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)。這包括對資訊安全風險的全面理解、明確的持續改進方法以及穩健的業務解決方案。
資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)的實施成果如下所示。
*資訊安全是透過應用一系列安全控制措施並建立政策、流程和程序來實現的。
*安全控制措施是根據風險評估實施的，旨在消除風險或將風險降低到可接受的水平。
*所有流程均基於計劃-執行-檢查-改進(PDCA)模型，確保資訊安全管理系統的持續改進。
*資訊安全策略是根據最佳安全實踐制定的安全手冊的一部分，因此它不是一份獨立的文件。
*每位員工的崗位職責中都已明確規定了資訊安全方面的角色和責任。
*資訊安全管理系統的管理評審依計畫間隔進行。
在兩次中期管理評審和一次年度內部審計之後，Rebuildy公司申請了認證。在認證審計之前，Rebuildy公司的一名前員工聯繫了審計團隊成員，告知他們Rebuildy公司存在多項安全問題，但公司試圖掩蓋這些問題。該前員工向審計團隊成員提供了書面證據。 Rebuildy公司的重要客戶Electra公司也提交了關於相同問題的證據，審計人員決定採納Electra公司的證據，而不是前員工提供的證據。在審計完成之前，審計團隊成員一直與Electra公司保持聯繫，討論審計過程中發現的不符合。 Electra公司提供了補充證據來支持這些發現。
審核開始，審核小組對公司高階主管進行了訪談。訪談內容包括高階主管對資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)實施的承諾等。訪談中所獲得的證據以書面確認的形式記錄下來，用於判定Rebuildy公司是否符合ISO/IEC 27001標準的若干條款。從Electra公司獲得的書面證據連同不符合項報告一起附在了審核報告中。其中，發現的不符合項包括：
*公司財務報告系統中偵測到使用者存取控制設定不當的情況。
公司尚未制定獨立的資訊安全策略。取而代之的是，該公司使用根據最佳安全實踐編寫的安全手冊。
收到審計團隊提交的文件後，團隊負責人與Rebuildy的高階主管會面，報告了審計結果。審計團隊報告了與財務報告系統和缺乏獨立資訊安全策略相關的問題。高階管理人員對審查結果表示不滿，並暗示審計團隊負責人的行為不專業，可能要求更換負責人。在壓力之下，審計團隊負責人決定與高階主管合作，淡化已發現的違規問題的嚴重性。因此，審計團隊負責人修改了報告，使其呈現出更有利的一面，從而歪曲了Rebuildy合規問題的真實程度。
根據以上情景，回答以下問題：
問題：
根據情境3，審核團隊利用從高階主管訪談中獲得的資訊來確定Rebuildy是否符合ISO/IEC 27001的若干條款。這種做法是否可以接受？
- A. 不，審計團隊應該只使用書面證據，例如政策和程序，來確定符合性。
- B. 是的，與高階主管的訪談是最可靠的審計證據形式，無需進一步核實即可用於確定是否符合標準。
- C. 是的，審計團隊透過高階主管的書面確認獲得了口頭證據，這些證據可用於確定是否符合標準。
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* B. Correct Answer:
* Audit evidence can come from interviews, observations, and documentation.
* Verbal evidence from top management is acceptable if documented and confirmed in writing.
* A. Incorrect:
* ISO 19011 allows verbal evidence as long as it is substantiated.
* C. Incorrect:
* Interviews alone are not sufficient-additional verification is required.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.6 (Reviewing Documented Information)
NEW QUESTION # 121
請將以下情況與所需的審核類型相符。
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
* Top management requests auditors from the organisation's compliance department to audit the production process in order to ensure the final product meets quality requirements = First-party audit
* Auditors from the buyer's organisation audit their raw material supplier to ensure the supply fulfils the order and contract = Second-party audit
* Auditors from an independent certification body conduct an audit of the organisation to verify conformity with an ISO Standard for certification purposes = Third-party audit
* The organisation has been audited against two management system standards in one audit = Combined audit Explanation: According to the ISO/IEC 27001 standard, there are three main categories of audits: internal, external, and certification1. An internal audit, also known as a first-party audit, is an audit conducted by the organisation itself, or by an external party on its behalf, for management review and other internal purposes12. An external audit, also known as a second-party audit, is an audit conducted by a customer or other interested party on a supplier or contractor to verify compliance with contractual or other requirements12. A certification audit, also known as a third-party audit, is an audit conducted by an independent certification body to verify conformity with an ISO standard for certification purposes12. A combined audit is an audit where two or more management system standards are audited together3.
References: 1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 192: ISO 27001 Audit Types and How They are Conducted23: The Four ISO 27001 Audit Categories, Explained4
NEW QUESTION # 122
您會在某些實體資產上看到藍色貼紙。這意味著什麼？
- A. 資產非常關鍵，其故障將影響組織中小組/專案的工作
- B. 帶有藍色貼紙的資產應始終保持空調狀態
- C. 資產非常重要，其故障會影響整個組織
- D. 資產至關重要，影響力僅限於員工
Answer: A
Explanation:
You see a blue color sticker on certain physical assets. This signifies that the asset is high critical and its failure will affect a group/s/project's work in the organization. A blue color sticker is a type of label that indicates the level of criticality of an asset, which is a measure of how important an asset is for the organization's operations and objectives. A high critical asset is an asset that has a significant impact on the organization's activities, and its loss or damage would cause major disruption or loss of service. A blue color sticker also implies that the asset requires a high level of protection and security, and should be handled with care. References: : CQI & IRCA ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Course Handbook, page 36. : [ISO/IEC
27001 Brochures | PECB], page 6.
NEW QUESTION # 123
您詢問IT經理，既然個人資料加密和匿名化測試失敗，為什麼公司仍然繼續使用該行動應用程式。此外，您也詢問服務經理是否有權批准測試。
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理流程，測試結果需要他批准。加密和匿名化功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能，需要額外150%的資源來彌補。服務經理認為存取控制已經足夠完善，可以接受，因此簽署了批准文件。
您正在準備審計結果。請選擇正確選項。
* 存在不符合項(NC)。組織和開發人員均未執行驗收測試。
(與第 8.1 條相關，控制 A.8.29)
- A. 存在不符合項(NC)。服務管理員未遵守軟體安全管理程序。 (與條款 8.1，控制項 A.8.30 相關)
- B. 存在不符合項(NC)。組織和開發人員執行的安全測試失敗。
(與第 8.1 條相關，控制 A.8.29) - C. 不存在不符合項(NC)。服務經理繼續提供服務的決定是正確的。
(與第 8.1 條相關，控制 A.8.30)
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 8.30, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes developing and entering into licensing agreements that cover code ownership and intellectual property rights, and implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to secure design and coding in accordance with Annex A 8.25 and 8.2912 In this case, the organisation and the developer have performed security tests that failed, which indicates that the secure design and coding requirements of Annex A 8.29 were not met. The IT Manager explains that the encryption and pseudonymisation functions failed because they slowed down the system and service performance, and that an extra 150% of resources are needed to cover this. However, this does not justify the acceptance of the test results by the Service Manager, who is not authorised to approve the test according to the software security management procedure. The Service Manager should have consulted with the IT Manager, who is the owner of the process, and followed the procedure for handling nonconformities and corrective actions. The Service Manager's decision to continue the service based on access control alone exposes the organisation to the risk of compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data processed by the mobile app. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1, control A.8.30.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 124
下列哪兩項敘述是正確的？
- A. ISMS 的目的在於應用風險管理流程來保護資訊安全。
- B. ISMS 的目的在於展現管理階層對資訊安全問題的認知。
- C. 實施 ISMS 的好處主要來自於資訊安全風險的降低。
- D. ISMS 的目的在於證明符合法規要求。
- E. 認證 ISMS 的好處是增加客戶數量。
- F. 認證 ISMS 的好處是在網站上顯示認可證書。
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The benefits of implementing an ISMS primarily result from a reduction in information security risks.
E). The purpose of an ISMS is to apply a risk management process for preserving information security. Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: According to the ISO 27001 standard, the benefits of implementing an ISMS include the following1:
Assuring customers and other stakeholders of the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information Enhancing the ability to respond to information security incidents and minimize their impacts Improving the governance and management of information security Reducing the costs and losses associated with information security breaches Increasing the competitiveness and reputation of the organization Complying with legal, regulatory and contractual obligations
The purpose of an ISMS is to provide a systematic approach to managing information security risks, based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle1.
The ISMS enables the organization to establish, implement, maintain and continually improve its information security performance, in alignment with its business objectives and the needs and expectations of interested parties1.
The ISMS consists of the following elements1:
The information security policy and objectives
The scope and boundaries of the ISMS
The processes and procedures for information security risk assessment and treatment
The resources and competencies for information security
The roles and responsibilities for information security
The performance evaluation and improvement of the ISMS
The internal and external communication and awareness of the ISMS
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clauses 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 9-11 ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Information Security Management Standards 4 Key Benefits of ISO 27001 Implementation | ISMS.online
ISO/IEC 27001:2022
An Introduction to the ISO 27001 ISMS | Secureframe
NEW QUESTION # 125
您是一位經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊領導，為審核員提供培訓指導。
受訓的審核員似乎對 ISO 27001:2022 中能力的解釋感到困惑，並且正在尋求您的澄清，以確保他的理解是正確的。他列出了一系列小情景，並詢問您將其中哪一個歸因於缺乏能力。選擇四個正確選項。
- A. 新啟動者無法開啟閉路電視監控，因為他們沒有被告知如何執行此操作
- B. 一位經驗豐富的接待員允許她認識的承包商在沒有門禁卡的情況下進入資料中心
- C. 一位最近從 IT 網路團隊調到軟體開發團隊的員工不知道在出貨前需要填寫產品發佈表格
- D. 系統管理員因收到錯誤指令而刪除了兩個真實帳戶以及五個冗餘帳戶
- E. 高階經理人無法協助組織的資訊安全事件復原流程，因為她沒有接受過所需的培訓
- F. IT 技術人員因未閱讀提供的說明而未能正確配置新型號的伺服器
- G. 一位高級程式設計師沒有檢查他們的編碼是否有錯誤，因為他們去看醫生遲到了
- H. 資料中心操作員因急於執行另一項任務而無意中將備份磁帶放入了錯誤的磁碟機中
Answer: A,C,E,F
Explanation:
These four scenarios are examples of a lack of competence, which is defined as the ability to apply the knowledge and skills needed to perform a work role or a task effectively and efficiently12. Competence in ISO 27001:2022 is determined by the organisation's needs and expectations, and it is based on the relevant education, training, or experience of the people involved in the ISMS34. The organisation is required to ensure that all the people who affect the performance of the ISMS are competent, and to provide them with the necessary training and awareness to fulfil their roles and responsibilities35. The four scenarios indicate that the people involved either lack the knowledge or skills to perform their tasks, or have not received the appropriate training or guidance to do so. The other scenarios are not related to competence, but to other factors such as negligence, error, or policy violation.
References: = 1: ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing management systems, clause 3.72: ISO/IEC 27007:
2011 Information technology - Security techniques - Guidelines for information security management systems auditing, clause 53: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clause 7.24: ISO 27001 Requirement 7.2 - Competence | ISMS.online15: ISO27001 Clause 7.2 Competence - Ultimate Certification Guide - High Table3
NEW QUESTION # 126
您有一份客戶設計文件的硬拷貝，想要處理掉。你會怎麼辦
- A. 使用粉碎機將其粉碎
- B. 將其交給辦公室男孩以將其重新用於其他目的
- C. 環境友善並且重複使用它來編寫
- D. 將其丟進任何垃圾箱
Answer: A
Explanation:
The best way to dispose of a hard copy of a customer design document is to shred it using a shredder. This is because shredding ensures that the document is destroyed and cannot be reconstructed or accessed by unauthorized persons. A customer design document may contain sensitive or confidential information that could cause harm or damage to the customer or the organization if disclosed. Therefore, it is important to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the document until it is securely disposed of. Throwing it in any dustbin, giving it to the office boy to reuse it for other purposes, or reusing it for writing are not secure ways of disposing of the document, as they could expose the document to unauthorized access, theft, loss or damage. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to implement procedures for the secure disposal of media containing information (see clause A.8.3.2). References: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Secure Disposal?
NEW QUESTION # 127
場景 5：Cobt。位於倫敦的保險公司，提供各種商業、工業和人壽保險解決方案。近年來，Cobt 的客戶數量大幅增加。由於需要處理大量數據，該公司認為通過 ISO/IEC 27001 認證將為資訊安全帶來許多好處，並表明其對持續改進的承諾。儘管該公司擅長進行定期風險評估，但實施 ISMS 會為其日常營運帶來重大變化。在風險評估過程中，發現了一種風險，即組織的內部控制機制未能發現或預防重大缺陷。
公司遵循一套方法論來實施 ISMS，並在僅僅幾個月後就建立了可運行的 ISMS。分配了審核團隊成員的職責。
Sarah 承認，儘管 Cobt 通過提供多樣化的商業和保險解決方案實現了顯著擴張，但它仍然依賴於一些手動流程。 ，特別是關於被審計方的可用性和合作以及獲取證據的管道。在本案中，Cobt的拒絕引發了人們對審計的完整性及其提供合理保證的能力的質疑。針對這些情況，Sarah決定在簽署認證協議之前退出審核，並將她的決定告知了Cobt和認證機構。做出這項決定是為了確保遵守審計原則並保持透明度，突顯了她始終如一地堅持這些原則的承諾。
根據上述情景，回答以下問題：
Cobt 在上次風險評估中發現了哪種類型的風險？
- A. 控制風險
- B. 固有風險
- C. 偵測風險
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
Detection Risk (Correct Answer) - Detection risk occurs when control mechanisms fail to identify significant defects or errors. Cobt identified that major defects were not detected or prevented by internal controls, making detection risk the correct answer.
Inherent Risk refers to the likelihood of a security event occurring without considering any controls. The scenario mentions control failures, not natural risks, so this is incorrect.
Control Risk is the risk of controls failing to prevent a risk. However, the scenario specifically mentions that the defects were not detected, making detection risk the more precise answer.
Relevant Standard Reference:
NEW QUESTION # 128
問題：
組合使用多種審計測試計劃的目的是什麼？
- A. 減少頻繁審計的需要
- B. 確保組織的所有領域都受到同等程度的審計。
- C. 透過多種方法驗證是否符合標準和準則
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* A. Correct Answer:
* Combining multiple audit test plans ensures different perspectives and validation techniques are applied, improving audit accuracy.
* ISO 19011:2018 encourages a diversified approach to auditing to ensure comprehensive results.
* B. Incorrect:
* Not all areas require equal auditing-risk-based focus is preferred.
* C. Incorrect:
* Frequent audits may still be required depending on organizational needs.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.3 (Using Multiple Audit Test Methods for Assurance)
NEW QUESTION # 129
Finnco 是一家認證機構的子公司，為某組織提供 ISMS 諮詢服務。考慮到這種情況，認證機構何時可以對該組織進行認證？
- A. 如果自上次諮詢活動以來已過去至少兩年
- B. 在這種情況下沒有時間限制
- C. 認證機構可以在諮詢服務結束後立即對組織進行認證
Answer: A
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 (Requirements for Certification Bodies) prohibits certification bodies from certifying organizations they have provided consultancy services to, unless a two-year separation period is maintained.
This prevents conflicts of interest and ensures independent certification audits.
A: Incorrect:
There is a strict time constraint to prevent certification bias.
B: Incorrect:
Certification cannot happen immediately after consulting services end, as this would create an independence conflict.
Relevant Standard Reference:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
NEW QUESTION # 130
您需要進行第三方虛擬審計。在開始審計之前，您需要告知受審計方以下哪兩項事宜？
* 您需要檢視螢幕上人物的身分證件。
- A. 你將為每位訪談者拍照。
- B. 您將要求被面試者事先說明他們的姓名和職位。
- C. 您將要求提供進行審計的房間的 360 度全景視圖。
- D. 除非獲得許可，否則您不得記錄審計的任何部分。
- E. 您期望受審核方已評估與線上活動相關的所有風險。
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
A third-party virtual audit is an external audit conducted by an independent certification body using remote technology such as video conferencing, screen sharing, and electronic document exchange. The purpose of a third-party virtual audit is to verify the conformity and effectiveness of the information security management system (ISMS) and to issue a certificate of compliance12 Before you start conducting the audit, you would need to inform the auditee about the following issues: 12
* You will ask those being interviewed to state their name and position beforehand, i.e., to confirm their identity and role in the ISMS. This is to ensure that you are interviewing the relevant personnel and that they are authorized to provide information and evidence for the audit.
* You will ask for a 360-degree view of the room where the audit is being carried out, i.e., to verify the physical and environmental security of the audit location. This is to ensure that there are no unauthorized persons or devices in the vicinity that could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the information being audited.
The other issues are not relevant or appropriate for a third-party virtual audit, because:
* You will ask to see the ID card of the person that is on the screen, i.e., to verify their identity. This is not necessary if you have already asked them to state their name and position beforehand, and if you have access to the auditee's organizational chart or staff directory. Asking to see the ID card could also be seen as intrusive or disrespectful by the auditee.
* You will take photos of every person you interview, i.e., to document the audit process. This is not advisable as it could violate the privacy or consent of the auditee and the interviewees. Taking photos could also be seen as unprofessional or suspicious by the auditee. You should rely on the audit records and evidence provided by the auditee and the audit tool instead.
* You will not record any part of the audit, unless permitted, i.e., to respect the auditee's preferences and rights. This is not a valid issue to inform the auditee about, as you should always record the audit for quality assurance and verification purposes. Recording the audit is also a requirement of the ISO/IEC
27001 standard and the certification body. You should inform the auditee that you will record the audit and obtain their consent before the audit begins.
* You expect the auditee to have assessed all risks associated with online activities, i.e., to ensure the security of the audit process. This is not an issue to inform the auditee about, as it is part of the auditee' s responsibility and obligation to have a risk assessment and treatment process for their ISMS. You should assess the auditee's risk management practices and controls during the audit, not before it.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 131
設想：
Northstorm是一家提供獨特復古和現代配件的線上零售商店。它最初進入的是一個小型市場，但隨著整個電子商務環境的發展而逐漸壯大。 Northstorm完全在線運營，確保高效的支付處理、庫存管理、行銷工具和發貨流程。它採用優先訂購的方式來接收、補貨和發貨最受歡迎的產品。
Northstorm 一直以來都透過託管網站並完全掌控包括硬體、軟體和資料管理在內的基礎設施來管理其 IT 營運。然而，由於基礎設施反應速度不足，這種方式阻礙了其發展。為了提升其電子商務和支付系統，Northstorm 選擇擴展其內部資料中心，並在三個月內分兩個階段完成了擴展。第一階段，公司升級了核心伺服器、銷售點系統、訂單系統、計費系統、資料庫和備份系統。第二階段則著重改善郵件、付款和網路功能。此外，在這一階段，Northstorm 還採用了一項關於個人識別資訊 (PII) 控制者和處理者的國際標準，以確保其資料處理實踐安全可靠，並符合全球法規。
儘管進行了擴容，Northstorm升級後的資料中心仍未能滿足其不斷變化的業務需求。這種不足導致了一系列新的挑戰，包括訂單優先事項問題。客戶反映未能收到優先訂單，公司也難以快速回應。這主要是由於主伺服器無法處理來自YouDecide的訂單。 YouDecide是一款用於訂單優先排序和模擬客戶互動的應用程式。該應用程式依賴高級演算法，與升級過程中安裝的新作業系統不相容。
面對緊急的兼容性問題，Northstorm在未進行充分驗證的情況下匆忙修補了應用程序，導致安裝了被篡改的版本。這項安全漏洞影響了主伺服器，公司網站癱瘓一週。意識到需要更可靠的解決方案，該公司決定將網站託管外包給一家電子商務服務商。在完成遷移之前，該公司簽署了關於產品所有權的保密協議，並對使用者存取權限進行了全面審查，以加強安全性。
問題：
根據場景 1，Northstorm 對使用者的存取權限進行了審查。這種安全控制的類型和功能是什麼？
- A. 法律與技術
- B. 偵探與行政人員
- C. 修正與管理
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Security controls can be classified by type (administrative, technical, physical) and function (preventive, detective, corrective).
* A. Detective and administrative - Correct Answer. Reviewing access rights is an administrative control because it involves procedural security measures (such as policy enforcement and auditing). It is also a detective control because it helps identify inappropriate or unauthorized access by auditing and verifying user permissions.
* B. Corrective and managerial - Incorrect because reviewing user access rights does not correct an issue but rather detects potential unauthorized access. It is also administrative, not managerial.
* C. Legal and technical - Incorrect because reviewing user access rights is an administrative policy- based action, not a legal or technical control.
This aligns with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.5.18 (Access Rights), which mandates regular review of user access to prevent unauthorized access and enforce security policies.
NEW QUESTION # 132
選出最能完成句子的單字：
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
A third-party audit is an independent assessment of an organisation's management system by an external auditor, who is not affiliated with the organisation or its customers. The auditor verifies that the management system meets the requirements of a specific standard, such as ISO 27001, and evaluates its effectiveness and performance. The auditor also identifies any strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, or risks of the management system, and provides recommendations for improvement. The purpose of a third-party audit is to provide an objective and impartial evaluation of the organisation's management system, and to inform a certification decision by a certification body. A certification body is an organisation that grants a certificate of conformity to the organisation, after reviewing the audit report and evidence, and confirming that the management system meets the certification criteria. A certification decision is the outcome of the certification process, which can be positive (granting, maintaining, renewing, or expanding the scope of certification) or negative (suspending, withdrawing, or reducing the scope of certification). References:
* PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 19-25
* ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
* The ISO 27001 audit process | ISMS.online
NEW QUESTION # 133
您是一位經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊領導者。您目前正在對國際運輸組織進行第三方監督審核。您抽取了四份內部稽核報告，其中指出：
報告 1 - 審計員：詹姆斯先生。
一年來，該組織在 100 次中有 23 次未能滿足其承諾的交付日期。
分級 - 次要
矯正措施到期時間：9 個月內。
報告 2 - 審計員：詹姆斯先生。
1 月至 3 月期間，我們收到了 125 起有關服務台團隊的投訴。客戶指責他們粗魯且反應遲鈍。
分級 - 次要
矯正措施到期時間：12 個月內。
報告 3 - 審計員：詹姆斯先生。
上個月收到的 40 個客戶訂單中，有 38 個已正確處理。其餘 2 份中，一份缺簽名，一份缺日期。
評分 -
更正期間：3週內
報告 4 - 審計員：羅傑斯先生。
在檢查的 30 份人事記錄中，發現 26 份已完全填寫，而其餘 4 份均缺少個人的開始日期。
分級 - 主要
更正期間：1週內
哪四個選項顯示了您對這些報告的擔憂？
- A. 我擔心該組織中是否有不合格品分級標準
- B. 我擔心沒有進行不合格審查
- C. 我會擔心，因為解決重大不合格問題的行動應始終早於解決輕微不合格問題的行動完成
- D. 我擔心報告 3 沒有記錄任何評分。
- E. 我擔心審核員是否理解糾正和糾正措施之間的區別
- F. 我擔心四份報告中解決不合格問題的時間明顯不同
- G. 我擔心審核員只專注於資訊安全流程
- H. 我擔心一名審計師似乎正在執行大部分內部審計
Answer: A,D,E,F
NEW QUESTION # 134
問題
在對X公司進行認證審核期間，審核組長注意到部分人力資源流程被排除在審核範圍之外。然而，這些流程實際上包含在公司的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)範圍內。
這樣可以嗎？
- A. 是的，審計範圍可以比資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 範圍窄，只要它與審計計劃和目標一致即可。
- B. 不，ISMS 範圍內列出的所有流程都必須進行審核。
- C. 是的，審計範圍必須只包括與 IT 相關的流程。
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is No, all processes listed in the ISMS scope must be audited, because the audit scope for certification must be consistent with the ISMS scope defined by the organization. ISO/IEC 27001 requires that the certification audit assess conformity of the entire ISMS as defined by its scope, not a selective subset of processes.
If HR processes are included in the ISMS scope, they are considered relevant to information security, for example through access management, onboarding and offboarding, training, and disciplinary procedures.
Excluding such processes from the audit would result in incomplete coverage and undermine the validity of the certification decision.
Option A is incorrect because while audit programs and objectives influence audit planning, they cannot override the requirement to audit the full ISMS scope. The audit scope cannot be narrower than the ISMS scope for a certification audit. Option C is incorrect because ISO/IEC 27001 applies to people, processes, and technology, not only IT-related processes.
ISO/IEC 17021-1 requires certification bodies to ensure that audits cover all elements of the management system within scope. Therefore, excluding HR processes that are part of the ISMS scope is not acceptable.
NEW QUESTION # 135
哪一項不是 HR 在招募前的要求？
- A. 申請人必須完成就業前文件要求
- B. 接受背景驗證
- C. 必須接受資訊安全意識訓練。
- D. 必須成功通過背景調查
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.2.2, the organization shall ensure that all persons who have access to information are aware of the information security policy and their contribution to the effectiveness of the ISMS, including the benefits of improved information security performance2. Therefore, awareness training on information security is a requirement for all persons, not just new hires. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA
NEW QUESTION # 136
身為 ISMS 審核小組組長，您正在代表一家線上零售商對一家國際物流公司進行第二方審核。在審核期間，您的一名團隊成員報告了與 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 附錄 A 的控制措施 5.18（存取權限）相關的不合格項。她發現證據表明，刪除過去 3 個月內離開的 20 名人員的伺服器存取協議需要長達 1 週的時間，而政策要求在他們離開後 24 小時內刪除存取權限。
用最好的單字填寫句子，勾選要填寫的空白部分，使其以紅色突出顯示，然後從下面的選項中點擊適用的文字。或者，您可以將該選項拖曳到適當的空白部分。
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 137
身為 ISMS 審核小組組長，您正在代表一家線上零售商對一家國際物流公司進行第二方審核。在審核期間，您的一名團隊成員報告了與 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 附錄 A 的控制措施 5.18（存取權限）相關的不合格項。她發現證據表明，刪除過去 3 個月內離開的 20 名人員的伺服器存取協議需要長達 1 週的時間，而政策要求在他們離開後 24 小時內刪除存取權限。
用最好的單字填寫句子，勾選要填寫的空白部分，使其以紅色突出顯示，然後從下面的選項中點擊適用的文字。或者，您可以將該選項拖曳到適當的空白部分。
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
The purpose of including access rights in an information management system to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 is to provide, review, modify and remove these permissions in accordance with the organisation' s policy and rules for access control.
Access rights are the permissions granted to users or groups of users to access, use, modify, or delete information assets. Access rights should be aligned with the organisation's access control policy, which defines the objectives, principles, roles, and responsibilities for managing access to information systems.
Access rights should also follow the organisation's rules for access control, which specify the criteria, procedures, and controls for granting, reviewing, modifying, and revoking access rights. The purpose of including access rights in an information management system is to ensure that only authorised users can access information assets according to their business needs and roles, and to prevent unauthorised or inappropriate access that could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of information assets. References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control 5.181
* ISO/IEC 27002:2022 Control 5.182
* CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Training Course3
NEW QUESTION # 138
在管理系統審核的背景下，請確定收集和驗證資訊的典型流程的順序。第一個已經為你完成了。
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 139
情境 6
Sinvestment是一家提供多種保險方案的保險公司，包括房屋保險、商業保險和人壽保險。該公司最初成立於北加州，現已將業務拓展至歐洲和非洲等其他地區。除了業務成長之外，Sinvestment還致力於遵守其所在行業的相關法律法規，並防止任何資訊安全事件的發生。他們已實施基於ISO標準的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)。
/IEC 27001，並已申請認證。
認證機構指派了一支審核團隊進行審核。審核團隊與Sinvestment簽署保密協議後，便開始了審核工作。第一階段審核的所有活動均在現場進行，但應Sinvestment的要求，對已存檔資訊的審查工作將以遠端方式進行。
審計團隊首先進行了第一階段審計，審查了所需文件，包括資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)範圍聲明、資訊安全策略和內部審計報告。已記錄資訊的評估主要基於其內容和管理流程。
此外，審計人員還發現，與資訊安全培訓和意識提升專案相關的文件不完整，缺乏關鍵細節。當被問及此事時，Sinvestment 的高階管理人員表示，該公司已為所有員工提供了資訊安全培訓課程。
第二階段審計在第一階段審計三週後進行。審計小組發現，行銷部(未包含在審計範圍內)沒有控制員工存取權限的程序。
由於控制員工存取權限是 ISO/IEC 27001 的要求之一，並且已納入公司的資訊安全政策，因此該問題被納入了審計報告。
問題
根據情境 6，在評估已記錄的資訊時，審計師在第一階段審計中應該採取什麼行動？
- A. 忽略格式問題，只需驗證所需資訊是否存在，因為標準並未要求格式。
- B. 確保有管理已記錄資訊的程序
- C. 驗證所記錄的資訊是否符合適當的格式，並與本公司的文件流程保持一致。
Answer: C
Explanation:
The auditor should validate that documented information conforms to both content and format requirements defined by the organization's documentation procedure, making option A the correct answer. ISO/IEC 27001 clause 7.5 requires documented information to be controlled, which includes requirements for format, identification, version control, and approval, as defined by the organization.
During stage 1 audits, auditors assess whether the organization has appropriate procedures in place and whether documented information is created and managed in accordance with those procedures. This includes verifying that documents follow established templates, naming conventions, approval mechanisms, and version control practices.
Option B is incorrect because while ISO/IEC 27001 does not prescribe a specific format, it requires conformity to the organization's own documented information controls. Ignoring format would ignore part of the control requirement. Option C is partially correct in general, but insufficient in this context because the scenario explicitly states that the evaluation was based on content and procedure. The auditor must verify conformance, not just existence.
Therefore, validating alignment with documentation procedures, including format, is the correct auditor action.
NEW QUESTION # 140
......
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